1950 Violinist YEHUDI MENUHIN Hand SP SIGNED REAL PHOTO Violin AUTOGRAPH Jewish

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Seller: judaica-bookstore ✉️ (2,805) 100%, Location: TEL AVIV, IL, Ships to: WORLDWIDE, Item: 276372880039 1950 Violinist YEHUDI MENUHIN Hand SP SIGNED REAL PHOTO Violin AUTOGRAPH Jewish.     DESCRIPTION :  Up for auction is an ORIGINAL hand signed AUTOGRAPH  SENTIMENT - AUTOGRAMME ( With a blue pen ) of the renowned beloved JEWISH American VIOLINIST of Lithuanian descent YEHUDI MENUHIN .  The SP SIGNED PHOTO is an ORIGINAL REAL ART PHOTO ( Silver gelatine ) depicting YOUNG and HANDSOME MENUHIN emotionaly playing his VIOLIN at the age of 30-40. The INSCRIPTION - DEDICATION is in German. The size of ORIGINAL REAL PHOTO is around  6 x 4 " .Very good condition  ( Pls look at scan for accurate AS IS images )  Authenticity guaranteed.  Will be sent inside a protective rigid packaging .     PAYMENTS : Payment method accepted : Paypal . SHIPPMENT :SHIPP worldwide via registered airmail is $ 25  . Will be sent inside a protective packaging. Handling around 5-10 days after payment.  Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM KBE (22 April 1916 – 12 March 1999) was an American-born violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in Britain. He is widely considered one of the great violinists of the 20th century. He played the Soil Stradivarius, considered one of the finest violins made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari. Contents 1 Early life and career 2 World War II musician 3 World interactions 4 Later career 5 Personal life 5.1 Interest in yoga 6 Violins 7 Awards and honours 8 Cultural references 9 Films 10 References 11 Sources 12 External links Early life and career[edit] Menuhin with Bruno Walter (1931) Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City to a family of Lithuanian Jews. Through his father Moshe, a former rabbinical student and anti-Zionist,[1] he was descended from a distinguished rabbinical dynasty. In late 1919, Moshe and his wife Marutha (née Sher) became American citizens, and changed the family name from Mnuchin to Menuhin.[2] Menuhin's sisters were concert pianist and human rights activist Hephzibah, and pianist, painter and poet Yaltah. Menuhin's first violin instruction was at age four by Sigmund Anker (1891–1958); his parents had wanted Louis Persinger to teach him, but Persinger refused. Menuhin displayed exceptional musical talent at an early age. His first public appearance, when he was seven years old, was as solo violinist with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra in 1923. Persinger then agreed to teach him and accompanied him on the piano for his first few solo recordings in 1928–29. Julia Boyd records: On 12 April 1929 it [the Semperoper] cancelled its advertised programme to make way for a performance by the twelve-year-old Yehudi Menuhin. That night he played the Bach, Beethoven and Brahms violin concertos to an ecstatic audience... The week before, Yehudi had played in Berlin with the Philharmonic under Bruno Walter to an equally rapturous response.[3] It was said of his Berlin performance: "There steps a fat little blond boy on the podium, and wins at once all hearts as in an irresistibly ludicrous way, like a penguin, he alternately places one foot down, then the other. But wait: you will stop laughing when he puts his bow to the violin to play Bach's violin concerto in E major no.2."[4] The city of Basel: place of study under the guidance of Adolf Busch When the Menuhins moved to Paris, Persinger suggested Menuhin go to Persinger's old teacher, Belgian virtuoso and pedagogue Eugène Ysa e. Menuhin did have one lesson with Ysa e, but he disliked Ysa e's teaching method and his advanced age. Instead, he went to Romanian composer and violinist George Enescu, under whose tutelage he made recordings with several piano accompanists, including his sister Hephzibah. He was also a student of Adolf Busch in Basel. He stayed in the Swiss city for a bit more than a year, where he started to take lessons in German and Italian as well. According to Henry A. Murray, Menuhin wrote: Actually, I was gazing in my usual state of being half absent in my own world and half in the present. I have usually been able to "retire" in this way. I was also thinking that my life was tied up with the instrument and would I do it justice? — Yehudi Menuhin, personal communication, 31 October 1993[5] His first concerto recording was made in 1931, Bruch's G minor, under Sir Landon Ronald in London, the labels calling him "Master Yehudi Menuhin". In 1932 he recorded Edward Elgar's Violin Concerto in B minor for HMV in London, with the composer himself conducting; in 1934, uncut, Paganini's D major Concerto with Emile Sauret's cadenza in Paris under Pierre Monteux. Between 1934 and 1936, he made the first integral recording of Johann Sebastian Bach's sonatas and partitas for solo violin, although his Sonata No. 2, in A minor, was not released until all six were transferred to CD. His interest in the music of Béla Bartók prompted him to commission a work from him – the Sonata for Solo Violin, which, completed in 1943 and first performed by Menuhin in New York in 1944, was the composer's penultimate work. World War II musician[edit] Menuhin in 1943 External audio  1946 performance featuring Menuhin (violin) of Béla Bartók's Violin Concerto No. 2 BB 117 with the Dallas Symphony Orchestra conducted by Antal Dorati on archive.org He performed for Allied soldiers during World War II and, accompanied on the piano by English composer Benjamin Britten, for the surviving inmates of a number of concentration camps in July 1945 after their liberation in April of the same year, most famously the Bergen-Belsen. He returned to Germany in 1947 to play concerto concerts with the Berlin Philharmonic under Wilhelm Furtwängler as an act of reconciliation, the first Jewish musician to do so in the wake of the Holocaust, saying to Jewish critics that he wanted to rehabilitate Germany's music and spirit. He and Louis Kentner (brother-in-law of his wife, Diana) gave the first performance of William Walton's Violin Sonata, in Zürich on 30 September 1949. He continued performing, and conducting (such as Bach orchestral works with the Bath Chamber Orchestra), to an advanced age, including some nonclassical music in his repertory. World interactions[edit] For Menuhin's notable students, see List of music students by teacher: K to M § Yehudi Menuhin. Menuhin credited German philosopher Constantin Brunner with providing him with "a theoretical framework within which I could fit the events and experiences of life".[6] Following his role as a member of the awards jury at the 1955 Queen Elisabeth Music Competition, Menuhin secured a Rockefeller Foundation grant for the financially strapped Grand Prize winner at the event, Argentine violinist Alberto Lysy. Menuhin made Lysy his only personal student, and the two toured extensively throughout the concert halls of Europe. The young protégé later established the International Menuhin Music Academy (IMMA)[7] in Gstaad, in his honor.[8] Menuhin made several recordings with the German conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler, who had been criticized for conducting in Germany during the Nazi era. Menuhin defended Furtwängler, noting that the conductor had helped a number of Jewish musicians to flee Nazi Germany. In 1957, he founded the Menuhin Festival Gstaad in Gstaad, Switzerland. In 1962, he established the Yehudi Menuhin School in Stoke d'Abernon, Surrey. He also established the music program at The Nueva School in Hillsborough, California, sometime around then. In 1965 he received an honorary knighthood from the British monarchy. In the same year, Australian composer Malcolm Williamson wrote a violin concerto for Menuhin. He performed the concerto many times and recorded it at its premiere at the Bath Festival in 1965. Originally known as the Bath Assembly,[9] the festival was first directed by the impresario Ian Hunter in 1948. After the first year the city tried to run the festival itself, but in 1955 asked Hunter back. In 1959 Hunter invited Menuhin to become artistic director of the festival. Menuhin accepted, and retained the post until 1968.[10] Menuhin also had a long association with Ravi Shankar, beginning in 1966 with their joint performance at the Bath Festival and the recording of their Grammy Award-winning album West Meets East (1967). During this time, he commissioned composer Alan Hovhaness to write a concerto for violin, sitar, and orchestra to be performed by himself and Shankar. The resulting work, entitled Shambala (c. 1970), with a fully composed violin part and space for improvisation from the sitarist, is the earliest known work for sitar with western symphony orchestra, predating Shankar's own sitar concertos, but Menuhin and Shankar never recorded it. Menuhin also worked with famous jazz violinist Stéphane Grappelli in the 1970s on Jalousie, an album of 1930s classics led by duetting violins backed by the Alan Claire Trio. In 1975, in his role as president of the International Music Council, he declared October 1 as International Music Day. The first International Music Day, organised by the International Music Council, was held that same year, in accordance with the resolution taken at the 15th IMC General Assembly in Lausanne in 1973.[11] In 1977, Menuhin and Ian Stoutzker founded the charity Live Music Now, the largest outreach music project in the UK. Live Music Now pays and trains professional musicians to work in the community, bringing the experience to those who rarely get an opportunity to hear or see live music performance. At the Edinburgh Festival Menuhin premiered Priaulx Rainier's violin concerto Due Canti e Finale, which he had commissioned Rainier to write. He also commissioned her last work, Wildlife Celebration, which he performed in aid of Gerald Durrell's Wildlife Conservation Trust. In 1983, Menuhin and Robert Masters founded the Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists, today one of the world's leading forums for young talent. Many of its prizewinners have gone on to become prominent violinists, including Tasmin Little, Nikolaj Znaider, Ilya Gringolts, Julia Fischer, Daishin Kashimoto and Ray Chen. In the 1980s, Menuhin wrote and oversaw the creation of a "Music Guides" series of books; each covered a musical instrument, with one on the human voice. Menuhin wrote some, while others were edited by different authors. In 1991, Menuhin was awarded the prestigious Wolf Prize by the Israeli Government. In the Israeli Knesset he gave an acceptance speech in which he criticised Israel's continued occupation of the West Bank: This wasteful governing by fear, by contempt for the basic dignities of life, this steady asphyxiation of a dependent people, should be the very last means to be adopted by those who themselves know too well the awful significance, the unforgettable suffering of such an existence. It is unworthy of my great people, the Jews, who have striven to abide by a code of moral rectitude for some 5,000 years, who can create and achieve a society for themselves such as we see around us but can yet deny the sharing of its great qualities and benefits to those dwelling amongst them.[12] Later career[edit] Stéphane Grappelli (left) with Menuhin in 1976 Menuhin regularly returned to the San Francisco Bay Area, sometimes performing with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. One of the more memorable later performances was of Edward Elgar's Violin Concerto, which Menuhin had recorded with the composer in 1932. On 22 April 1978, along with Stéphane Grappelli, Yehudi played Pick Yourself Up, taken from the Menuhin & Grappelli Play Berlin, Kern, Porter and Rodgers & Hart album as the interval act at the 23rd Eurovision Song Contest for TF1. The performance came direct from the studios of TF1 and not that of the venue (Palais des Congrès), where the contest was being held. Menuhin hosted the PBS telecast of the gala opening concert of the San Francisco Symphony from Davies Symphony Hall in September 1980. His recording contract with EMI lasted almost 70 years and is the longest in the history of the music industry. He made his first recording at age 13 in November 1929, and his last in 1999, when he was nearly 83 years old. He recorded over 300 works for EMI, both as a violinist and as a conductor. In 2009 EMI released a 51-CD retrospective of Menuhin's recording career, titled Yehudi Menuhin: The Great EMI Recordings. In 2016, the Menuhin centenary year, Warner Classics (formerly EMI Classics) issued a milestone collection of 80 CDs entitled The Menuhin Century, curated by his long-time friend and protégé Bruno Monsaingeon, who selected the recordings and sourced rare archival materials to tell Menuhin's story. In 1990 Menuhin was the first conductor for the Asian Youth Orchestra which toured around Asia, including Japan, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong with Julian Lloyd Webber and a group of young talented musicians from all over Asia. Personal life[edit] Menuhin and author Paulo Coelho in 1999 at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland Menuhin was married twice, first to Nola Nicholas, daughter of an Australian industrialist and sister of Hephzibah Menuhin's first husband Lindsay Nicholas. They had two children, Krov and Zamira (who married pianist Fou Ts'ong). Following their 1947 divorce he married the British ballerina and actress Diana Gould, whose mother was the pianist Evelyn Suart and stepfather was Admiral Sir Cecil Harcourt. The couple had two sons, Gerard, notable as a Holocaust denier and far right activist, and Jeremy, a pianist. A third child died shortly after birth. The name Yehudi means "Jew" in Hebrew. In an interview republished in October 2004, he recounted to New Internationalist magazine the story of his name: Obliged to find an apartment of their own, my parents searched the neighbourhood and chose one within walking distance of the park. Showing them out after they had viewed it, the landlady said: "And you'll be glad to know I don't take Jews." Her mistake made clear to her, the antisemitic landlady was renounced, and another apartment found. But her blunder left its mark. Back on the street my mother made a vow. Her unborn baby would have a label proclaiming his race to the world. He would be called "The Jew".[13] Menuhin died in Martin Luther Hospital[14] in Berlin, Germany, from complications of bronchitis. Soon after his death, the Royal Academy of Music acquired the Yehudi Menuhin Archive, which includes sheet music marked up for performance, correspondence, news articles and photographs relating to Menuhin, autograph musical manuscripts, and several portraits of Paganini.[15] Interest in yoga[edit] In 1953, Life published photos of him in various esoteric yoga positions.[16] In 1952, Menuhin was in India, where Nehru, the new nation's first Prime Minister, introduced him to an influential yogi B. K. S. Iyengar, who was largely unknown outside the country.[16] Menuhin arranged for Iyengar to teach abroad in London, Switzerland, Paris, and elsewhere. He became one of the first prominent yoga masters teaching in the West. Menuhin also took lessons from Indra Devi, who opened the first yoga studio in the U.S. in Los Angeles in 1948.[17] Both Devi and Iyengar were students of Krishnamacharya, a famous yoga master in India. Violins[edit] Menuhin played a number of famous violins, arguably the most renowned of which is the Lord Wilton Guarnerius 1742. Others included the Giovanni Bussetto 1680, Giovanni Grancino 1695, Guarneri filius Andrea 1703, Soil Stradivarius, Prince Khevenhüller 1733 Stradivari, and Guarneri del Gesù 1739. In his autobiography Unfinished Journey Mehunin wrote: "A great violin is alive; its very shape embodies its maker's intentions, and its wood stores the history, or the soul, of its successive owners. I never play without feeling that I have released or, alas, violated spirits."[18] Awards and honours[edit] Freedom of the City (Edinburgh, Scotland, 1965). Appointed to the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1965. At the time of his appointment, he was an American citizen. As a result, his knighthood was honorary and he was not entitled to use the style 'Sir'. In 1993, he became The Right Honourable The Lord Menuhin, OM, KBE (see below).[19][20] The Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding (1968).[21] Became President of the International Music Council (1969–1975)[22] Became President of Trinity College of Music (now Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance), 1970.[23] The Léonie Sonning Music Prize (Denmark, 1972). Nominated as president of the Elgar Society (1983). The Ernst von Siemens Music Prize (1984). The Kennedy Center Honors (1986). Appointed as a member of the Order of Merit (1987).[24] His recording of Edward Elgar's Cello Concerto in E minor with Julian Lloyd Webber won the 1987 BRIT Award for Best British Classical Recording (BBC Music Magazine named this recording "the finest version ever recorded"). The Glenn Gould Prize (1990), in recognition of his lifetime of contributions. Wolf Prize in Arts (1991). Ambassador of Goodwill (UNESCO, 1992). On 19 July 1993, Menuhin was made a life peer, as Baron Menuhin, of Stoke d'Abernon in the County of Surrey.[25] Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship the highest honour conferred by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama (1994).[26] The Konex Decoration (Konex Foundation, Argentina, 1994). The Otto Hahn Peace Medal in Gold of the United Nations Association of Germany (DGVN) in Berlin (1997). Honorary Doctorates from 20 universities, including Oxford, Cambridge, St Andrews, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and the University of Bath (1969).[27] The room in which concerts and performances are held at the European Parliament in Brussels is named the "Yehudi Menuhin Space". Menuhin was honored as a "Freeman" of the cities of Edinburgh, Bath, Reims and Warsaw. He held the Gold Medals of the cities of Paris, New York and Jerusalem. Honorary degree from Kalamazoo College.[28] Elected an Honorary Fellow of Fitzwilliam College in 1991. He received the 1997 Prince of Asturias Award in the Concord category along with Russian cellist Mstislav Rostropovich. In 1997, he received the Grand Cross 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. On 15 May 1998, Menuhin received the Grand Cross of the Order of Saint James of the Sword (Portugal).[29] Coat of arms of Yehudi Menuhin hide Crest Out of an eastern crown Or inscribed on either side with a crotchet rest a sharp semi-quaver a flat and semi-quaver rest Sable a pair of cubit arms Proper supporting a terrestrial globe the land Vert fimbriated Or the sea Azure. Escutcheon Azure four bendlets between as many violin bridges Gold. Supporters On either side a representation of a firebird à la Benois wings elevated and addorsed Gules beaked and membered with wings tipped Or the tail Bleu Celeste that to the dexter Gorged with a chain Or pendent therefrom a hurt fimbriated and charged with a menorah Or the candles Argent enflamed Proper that to the sinister gorged with a like chain pendent therefore a bezant charged with a representation of the gypsy flag mon Proper the compartment a grassy mound with bluebells and blue poppies growing therefrom all Proper with at the centre thereof a plough Gold.[30] Cultural references[edit] The catchphrase "Who's Yehoodi?" popular in the 1930s and 1940s was inspired by Menuhin's guest appearance on a radio show, where Jerry Colonna turned "Yehoodi" into a widely recognized slang term for a mysteriously absent person. It eventually lost all of its original connection with Menuhin. Menuhin was also "meant" to appear on The 1971 Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show but could not do so as he was "opening at the Argyle Theatre, Birkenhead in Old King Cole". He was replaced by Eric Morecambe in the famous "Grieg's Piano Concerto by Grieg" sketch featuring the conductor André Previn; he was also invited to appear on their 1973 Christmas Show to play his "banjo" as they said playing his violin would not be any good; he ruefully said that "I can't help you". A picture of Menuhin as a child is sometimes used as part of a Thematic Apperception Test.[31] *****  Sir Yehudi Menuhin, Violinist, Conductor and Supporter of Charities, Is Dead at 82 By Allan Kozinn March 13, 1999 See the article in its original context from March 13, 1999, Section A, Page 12Buy Reprints New York Times subscribers* enjoy full access to TimesMachine—view over 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared. SUBSCRIBE *Does not include Crossword-only or Cooking-only subscribers. Sir Yehudi Menuhin, the legendary violinist who came to prominence in his childhood as a virtuoso in velvet knee pants and later became a respected conductor, a dedicated organizer of festivals and schools and an idealistic supporter of hundreds of charities, died yesterday at Martin Luther Hospital in Berlin. He was 82 and lived in London. When Sir Yehudi was at his best his playing had a grandeur and personal intensity that made his sound instantly recognizable, both in the concert hall and on disk. He recorded prolifically, beginning in 1928 when he was 12 (one important early project was Elgar's Violin Concerto, under the composer's direction), and even after he stopped playing the violin publicly, in the early 1990's, he continued to perform and make recordings as a conductor. Though an American by birth, Sir Yehudi lived in Europe for most of his life. He described himself as an internationalist even in his earliest interviews and in the 1950's he contended that peace would be achieved only under a single benign world government. After he accepted honorary Swiss citizenship in 1970, tendered because of his services in founding the Gstaad Festival, the State Department threatened to revoke his American citizenship, but later relented. In 1985 Sir Yehudi became a British subject; he had been given an honorary knighthood by Britain 19 years earlier. Politics and visions of a utopian future often seemed to be as much on Sir Yehudi's mind as music-making. A devotee of yoga and health food, he regularly warned against the dangers of white rice, white bread, refined sugar and red meat, and advocated vegetarianism. He spoke about the dangers of pollution long before ecology was a chic topic of discussion. He championed inventions of all sorts, including electric cars and electronic musical education systems. And he put forward his own notions of city planning, including a vision of a rebuilt New York City in which the streets were to be pedestrian malls, with underground traffic. Musically too, his interests ranged widely. He performed and recorded most of the standard classical repertory, including the major contemporary works, and he gave the premiere performances of Bartok's Unaccompanied Sonata, Bloch's Suites 1 and 2, Walton's Violin Sonata and pieces by Georges Enesco, Vaughan Williams, Lennox Berkeley and Paul Ben-Haim. He also recorded jazz albums with Stephane Grappelli and as an early and eloquent Western advocate of Eastern music he made a series of ''East Meets West'' recordings with Indian musicians, including Ravi Shankar, the sitarist, and Ali Akbar Khan, the sarod virtuoso. Thanks for reading The Times. Subscribe to The Times On Enduring Crises Personal and Technical Several times in his career, personal and technical crises forced Sir Yehudi to stop playing and reconsider his approach to the violin. But as a child violinist in the 1920's -- a time when Fritz Kreisler, Mischa Elman and Jascha Heifetz were the instrument's reigning elite -- Sir Yehudi stunned listeners with his pure tone, his virtuosic technique and his interpretive insight. ''It may seem ridiculous to say that he showed a mature conception of Beethoven's concerto, but that is the fact,'' Olin Downes wrote in The New York Times in November 1927, when Sir Yehudi, at age 11, made his first New York appearance as an orchestral soloist, at Carnegie Hall. By then, young Yehudi was already famous. In 1924, when he was 8, he played Beriot's ''Scene de Ballet'' with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. The next year, he was the subject of a silent-screen newsreel that showed him alternately playing the violin and riding on a swing, with quotations from effusive reviews between the scenes. He made his New York recital debut at the Manhattan Opera House in 1926, and in the early months of 1927, he made celebrated appearances in Paris and Brussels. Yehudi Menuhin (pronounced MEN-yoo-inn) was born in New York on April 22, 1916. His parents, Moshe and Marutha, were Jewish immigrants from Russia who had met in Palestine in 1909, and married in New York in 1914. They named their son Yehudi, which means ''Jew,'' after a landlord showing them an apartment told them that a benefit of living in the building was that there were no Jews in residence there. Editors’ Picks How to Buy a Real N95 Mask Online How Much Exercise Do You Need for Better Heart Health? Serena Williams’s Australian Open Catsuit Has Already Won Continue reading the main story In 1917, the Menuhins moved to San Francisco, where Moshe Menuhin, after a brief and unsuccessful attempt to run a farm near Oakland supported his family by teaching Hebrew. Yehudi asked for a violin when he was 3, and was was taken to Sigmund Anker, a teacher who specialized in very young players. Four years later he became a student of Louis Persinger, the teacher and chamber player. His parents were wary of the prodigy syndrome, in which musicians hailed as geniuses in childhood proved unable to sustain the originality and inspiration of their early performances into adulthood. They limited their son's public appearances, and insisted that he and his two younger sisters -- Hephzibah and Yaltah, both born in San Francisco, and both pianists -- undertake a rigorous course of home study. Their father taught them math, history and Hebrew; their mother, French, German, Italian and Spanish tutor. During the Menuhins' visit to Europe in 1927 Yehudi played for the Belgian violinist Eugene Ysaye, who was astonished to discover the extent to which Yehudi's technique was intuitive. Although he could play difficult works like Lalo's ''Symphonie Espagnole,'' he had bypassed the traditional technical exercises and studies. When Ysaye asked him to play a three-octave arpeggio, Yehudi did not understand the request. On the same trip, he played for the violinist and composer Georges Enescu, with whom he studied in Paris and at Enescu's home in Romania. They maintained a close friendship until Enescu's death in 1955. He also studied with Adolph Busch. He made debuts in Berlin in 1928 and London in 1929, and soon began making recordings. His 1932 recording of the Elgar Violin Concerto, with the composer conducting, remains a classic. The same year, he made the first of many recordings with his sister Hephzibah. For the next four decades, she was his favorite recital partner. ''Ours was a special kind of collaboration,'' Sir Yehudi told The New York Times soon after his sister's death in 1981. ''We needed few words. We played almost automatically, as if we were one person.'' After several years in Europe, the Menuhins moved back to California in 1934, and had a family compound built in Los Gatos. Two years later, at age 19 and with more than a decade of concert experience behind him, Yehudi experienced his first crisis of confidence. Canceling all his concerts and withdrawing to his home in Los Gatos, the young virtuoso came to terms with the fact that his early training had been deficient in formal technical studies. A Family Closeness, Perhaps to a Fault But technique may not have been his only problem. Robert Magidoff, in ''Yehudi Menuhin: The Story of the Man and the Musician,'' a critical biography written with Sir Yehudi's cooperation and published in 1955, said Sir Yehudi's problems were psychological and could be traced to the overprotectiveness of his parents, particularly his mother. He was not the last to do so. Tony Palmer, in a 1991 biography and television documentary, ''Menuhin: A Family Portrait,'' made a similar point, using interviews with Sir Yehudi's sister Yaltah and his children to make his case. They maintained that when he married Nola Ruby Nichols in 1938, Marutha Menuhin wrote letters to her daughter-in-law instructing her on everything from what to feed her son to when to abstain from sex. Sir Yehudi was indignant about the criticism of his parents, and tried to stop the publication of the Palmer book. The marriage produced a daughter, Zamira, and a son, Krov, and ended in divorce after nine years. In 1947 Sir Yehudi married Diana Gould, a dancer who had worked with Balanchine. They had two children: Jeremy, who became a concert pianist and performed with his father onstage, and Gerard. His wife and children survive him, along with his sister Yaltah and four grandhildren. By then Sir Yehudi had come through a second crisis, caused by the tensions in his marriage and by the devastation he saw in Europe during World War II when he gave more than 500 concerts for American and Allied troops, often in combat zones. After the war he performed in displaced persons camps (sometimes with the composer Benjamin Britten as his accompanist) and visited concentration camps soon after their liberation. He continued touring in Europe until 1948 but when he returned to the United States critics began to note that his playing had lost some of its beauty. Sir Yehudi soon found himself embroiled in political problems as well. Jewish groups denounced him for performing with Wilhelm Furtwangler and the Berlin Philharmonic soon after the war, because Furtwangler had remained in Germany and prospered during the war. When a Jewish relief organization in Berlin boycotted one of his concerts, soon after his appearance with Furtwangler, Sir Yehudi called a meeting to argue that Furtwangler had never joined the Nazi party and had helped Jewish musicians. ''It is time to bind the wounds,'' he said, adding that ''love, and not hate, will heal the world.'' He supported Furtwangler again in 1949, when the Chicago Symphony Orchestra was considering hiring Furtwangler as its music director. A group of illustrious musicians -- among them, Isaac Stern, Nathan Milstein, Arthur Rubinstein, Vladimir Horowitz and Lily Pons -- said that in that case they would never play there again. Sir Yehudi, in a telegram to the orchestra defending Furtwangle, described his protesting colleagues as ''beneath contempt.'' Furtwangler eventually withdrew his candidacy, but Sir Yehudi's support of him drew fire from Jews all over the world, including Israel, where there was a bomb threat at one of his concerts in Tel Aviv. Sir Yehudi's position among the Israeli public was always clouded. On one hand, he played countless benefits for the country and its charities and was a presence during its early years and after the 1967 war with the Arabs though his father had become a strident anti-Zionist in the 1930's and refused to attend his son's concerts in support of Israel. But Sir Yehudi, if not as overtly hostile to Zionism as his father, objected to all forms of nationalism. In 1967 just as he played benefit concerts for Israeli organizations he also played concerts to benefit Arab refugees. He found himself under attack in 1975, when Leonard Bernstein and 100 musicians and dancers asked him to join a boycott of cultural activities connected with Unesco, which had refused to admit Israel as a member. Sir Yehudi, who at the time was president of Unesco's International Music Council, responded that he considered boycotts cowardly and that he agreed with Unesco's criticism of Israel's archeological digs in Jerusalem. Sir Yehudi's personal life and musical career took new turns in the 1950's. On a trip to New Zealand in 1951 he became fascinated by a book on yoga he found in a doctor's waiting room and began a daily regimen that included 15 or 20 minutes of standing on his head. When he visited India in 1952, he was introduced to B. K. S. Iyengar, who became his guru. Sir Yehudi later wrote the forward to Iyengar's book, ''Light on Yoga.'' He also persuaded executives at Angel Records, EMI's classical label, to make recordings with Indian musicians like Mr. Shankar. Sir Yehudi began his association with a string of festivals around this time. He founded the Gstaad Festival in Switzerland in 1956, and he was appointed music director of the Bath Festival in England two years later. At Gstaad, he established a chamber orchestra, where made his first recordings as a conductor, among them a notable set of Bach's ''Brandenburg'' Concertos and a traversal of the Schubert Symphonies. Sir Yehudi actually made his conducting debut more than a decade earlier, with the Dallas Symphony, in 1942; but it was at Gstaad and Bath that he began his conducting career in earnest. At Bath he conducted opera for the first time, and it was in a dispute about opera -- the board considered it too costly, Sir Yehudi considered it essential -- that Sir Yehudi resigned in 1968. He also became increasingly interested in musical pedagogy. In 1963 he established the Yehudi Menuhin School for music students beginning at 6, at Stoke d'Abernon, in England. Two of his books -- ''The Violin: Six Lessons With Yehudi Menuhin'' (1971) and ''The Compleat Violinist'' (1986) -- were meant for student violinists. He was appointed president of Trinity College of Music in London in 1971, and in 1977 he founded the Menuhin Academy at Gstaad. In addition to the organizations that he started or was actively involved with, he lent his name, as a sponsor, patron or board member, to hundreds of cultural and charitable organizations, from music schools and composer societies, to organizations as varied as Friends of Animals, the Good Gardeners' Association and the Grenville Clark Institute for World. Conducting Orchestras Around the World By the late 1960's he was conducting regularly, and by the 1980's he had led most of the world's great orchestras and had recorded with many of them. In 1985 he undertook his first American tour solely as a conductor, with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. But except for a sabbatical in 1976, when he was 60, he also continued to perform. Critics regularly noted his technical flaws in these years, but they also found a communicativeness and devotion in his playing that offset his occasional infelicities of tone. No one was more aware of his technical problems than Sir Yehudi, and in the early 1990's he stopped playing the violin in public and concentrated on conducting. Mostly he conducted standard repertory works but he could surprise listeners with his adventurousness. As part of his 80th-birthday celebration at the 1996 Lincoln Center Festival, for example, he conducted the Orchestra of St. Luk in a program of 14 new works composed in his honor. The composers were a strikingly diverse group, among them Lukas Foss, Karel Husa, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, Somei Satoh, David Del Tredici, Guya Kancheli and John Tavener. Besides his books on violin playing Sir Yehudi published two volumes of memoirs, ''Theme and Variations'' (1972) and ''Unfinished Journey'' (1977). Another volume, ''The Music of Man'' (1979), which he wrote with Curtis W. Davis, was based on a television series in which Sir Yehudi visited 27 countries and presented a historical and cross-cultural examination of music, from ancient times to punk rock. Sir Yehudi was often honored. Besides his British Knighthood, he was made a Commander of the Legion of Honor and of the Ordre des Arts and Lettres, by France, a Knight Commander of the Order of Merit, by Germany and a Knight Commander of the Royal Order of the Phoenix, by Greece. He also received the Order of Leopold and the Ordre de la Couronne, from Belgium, the Kennedy Center Honors, from the United States, and the Handel Medallion, New York City's cultural award. As the years passed. Sir Yehudi kept up his enthusiasms, his aura of innocence and his often complicated, visionary way of engaging the world. ''One still seems to discern, under the mask of the graying adult, the child wonder who made his New York recital debut at age 10,'' Donal Henahan wrote in a 1976 profile of Sir Yehudi in The New York Times. ''And to whom Einstein himself, a fiddler of famously modest talent, once said, 'Today you have again proved to me that there is a God in heaven.' '' The Selections Of a Life's Work Yehudi Menuhin's recordings as both a violinist and as a conductor were plentiful. Here is a selection of his most representative work, available on compact disk. AS A VIOLINIST ''The Young Yehudi Menuhin,'' three volumes (1928-9, 1929-30, 1932), with Louis Persinger, Artur Balsam and Hubert Giesen, pianists. (Biddulph) Bach: Sonatas (BWV 1014-1019), with Hephzibah Menuhin, pianist. (Biddulph) Bartok: Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin. (EMI Classics) Beethoven: Violin Concerto, with the Philharmonia Orchestra, Wilhelm Furtwangler, cond. (EMI Classics) Elgar: Violin Concerto, with the London Symphony Orchestra, Sir Edward Elgar, cond. (EMI Classics) Enescu: Sonata No. 3, with Hephzibah Menuhin, pianist. (Biddulph) ''Menuhin and Grapelli Play Jalousie and Other Great Standards,'' with Stephane Grapelli, violinist. AS A CONDUCTOR Bach: ''Brandenburg'' Concertos, with the Bath Festival Orchestra. (EMI Classics) Berlioz: ''Symphonie Fantastique,'' with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. (Virgo) Elgar: ''Cockaigne'' Overture, ''Pomp and Circumstances'' Marches, etc., with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. (Virgin Classics) Purcell: Selections from ''The Fairy Queen,'' ''The Indian Queen'' and ''King Arthur,'' with the Bath Festival Orchestra. (EMI Classics) Vaughan Williams: ''Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis,'' ''Fantasia on Greensleeves,'' ''The Lark Ascending,'' ''Variants on 'Dives and Lazarus'' with the English Chamber Orchestra. (Arabesque) Correction: March 16, 1999 An obituary of the violinist and conductor Yehudi Menuhin on Saturday omitted an honor he received from the British throne and thus misstated his title. In addition to granting him a knighthood in 1966, Queen Elizabeth II made him a life peer in 1993. So he was Lord Menuhin, not Sir Yehudi. The obituary also misspelled the surname of his first wife. She was Nola Ruby Nicholas, not Nichols.   *** Yehudi Menuhin His brilliance as a performer and conductor was matched by his concern for humanity and, most impressively, his work as an educator. Yehudi Menuhin was born on 22 April 1916 in New York of Russian Jewish parents but later became a British subject. He first performed at the age of seven when he astonished a San Francisco audience with his virtuosity. His glittering career included numerous recordings and performances under some of the century's greatest conductors. While an ambitious mother masterminded his own precocious entrance to the music world at age seven, Yehudi Menuhin took a gentler approach with young people. In 1963, based on the idea that he had 'a few ideas that were perhaps valid', he founded the Yehudi Menuhin School, which counts among its illustrious former-pupils, violinist Nigel Kennedy. Just as Kennedy popularised the Four Seasons in the 1980s, Yehudi Menuhin has been credited with introducing millions to classical music and for pushing the boundaries of his craft. Although his interpretations of classical works, such as Beethoven's Violin Concerto, were received rapturously wherever performed, Menuhin was also eager to 'escape the frontiers of rigidity and prejudice' by exploring music from different cultures and styles. In the course of his career Menuhin collaborated with the great sitar star Ravi Shankar, jazz legend Stephane Grappelli and in 1932 recorded with one of Britain's greatest composers, Sir Edward Elgar. Menuhin claimed that it was to Elgar that he owed his close affinity to England, where he later settled, becoming a British citizen in 1985. 'His music and the quality of Englishness he had, that belonging to nature and the lack of brutality was something about his music I loved and I think I owe him and his music my whole close relationship and good understanding of the English character,' he said. But arguably his affection for England was cemented by his second marriage, to London-born ballerina Diana Gould. Strong women played a key role in Yehudi Menuhin's life: his Russian immigrant mother continued to exert an influence over his life until her death in 1996. Menuhin also credited wife Diana as a guiding force. 'They certainly work for me in a most wonderful way. Whether I attract them or whether I exploit them, it is perfectly true that they were women of great principle, of enormous capacity to endure, to suffer and of a loyalty that is unquestionable.' The founder of countless festivals, music schools and patron of the arts, Menuhin was made a Lord by his adopted country in 1993 and was awarded the Order of Merit in 1985. Britain was not the only country to honour Menuhin. The musician was awarded the Lorraine Cross for playing to French troops during the World War II. He also played for survivors of the Belsen concentration camp. After the war, Menuhin, whose first name translate as 'The Jew', also showed his capacity for reconciliation and forgiveness by becoming the first Jew to play with the Berlin Philharmonic. Like his hero Beethoven, who said 'old men should be explorers', Menuhin remained a committed environmentalist, human rights campaigner and yoga practitioner until the last. But among these interests, his paramount concern was for the well-being of young people, with whom he said he had a particular affinity because he felt so youthful himself.     ebay5310 folder 196
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